EGrammar Unit 11 - How long have you (been) ... ?

英語学習 はてなDUO

一昨日の分。英語の学習メモをこうして日記として公開してます。この文ってどういう意味なの？この文って、こういう訳でオッケィなの？これってどういうこと？これって間違ってるんじゃない？などなど、何かありましたらコメント欄/トラックバックにて言ってくだされば幸いです。
こんな駄メモですが誰かの役に立てば幸せです。

How long, for, since

We use the present perfect (especially with "how long", "for", and "since") to talk about something that began in the past and still continuous now. And in most situations with "how long", "still", and "for", the continuous is more usual.
何かが起こってそれがまだ続いている時に、現在完了形を使います。たいていの場合、How long, still, forと言った語句とともに表現するけど、こういった言葉を使う時は、現在完了進行形を使うのがより自然です。

Ex)

  • We know each other very well
    • We've known each other since we were in high school. (not We know)
  • I'm learning English.
    • I've been learning English for six months. (not I am learning)
  • He's waiting for somebody.
    • He's been waiting all morning.
  • It's been raining since lunchtime.
  • Richard has been doing the same job for 20 years.

否定形で現在完了型を使うとき

We use the present perfect simple in negative sentences like these: このような場合現在完了形の否定形を使います。

  • I haven't seen Tom since Monday.
    • = Monday was the last time I saw him.
  • Jane hasn't called me for two weeks.
    • = the last time she called was two weeks ago.

miss

Is Margaret married?
Yes, she has been married for ten years.
受け身。